Tax Bracket Estimator
Enter your filing status and annual gross income to estimate your taxable income, marginal tax bracket, total federal income tax, and effective tax rate under the 2025 federal brackets.
Tax year 2025 federal brackets — figures shown are current as of . Always verify against irs.gov before filing.
Results
| Taxable income | — |
|---|---|
| Marginal tax bracket | — |
| Estimated federal tax | — |
| Effective tax rate | — |
How this calculator works
The U.S. federal income tax system is progressive: your income is divided into brackets, and each bracket's rate applies only to the slice of income that falls within it — not to your entire income. This calculator first subtracts the standard deduction for your filing status from your gross income to get your taxable income, then walks that amount through each bracket in turn, taxing only the portion that lands in each one.
The single most common misconception about taxes is thinking that landing in, say, the 22% bracket means all of your income is taxed at 22%. It doesn't. Your marginal rate is just the rate on your last dollar earned — the top bracket your taxable income reaches. Your effective rate is the more useful number for understanding your actual tax burden: it's your total tax divided by your gross income, and it's always lower than your marginal rate because the lower brackets are taxed at their own lower rates first. In the example above, someone in the 22% bracket might have an effective rate closer to 10-11%.
This calculator covers federal income tax only. It does not include state or local income tax, FICA payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare), or any credits or deductions beyond the standard deduction — all of which can meaningfully change what you actually owe or take home. Use it as a starting estimate, not a substitute for a tax professional or tax software.